Themistocles Wikipedia. Themistocles Greek Greek pronunciation temistoklsThemistokls Glory of the Law 1 c. BC was an Athenian politician and general. Family. Themistocles was born in Athens around 524 BC, the son of Neocles, who was, in the words of Plutarch no very conspicuous man. His mother is more obscure. Abstract of Systematic Theology By Rev. James Petigru Boyce, D. D., LL. D., JosephEmersonBrown Professor of Systematic Theology The Southern Baptist Theological. Iran pers., trl. Irn, pena nazwa Islamska Republika Iranu pers. Domhurije Eslmije Irn, dawniej. The Top 50 greatest fiction books of all time determined by 114 lists and articles from various critics, authors and experts. Eminent Persians Pdf' title='Eminent Persians Pdf' />He was one of a new breed of non aristocratic politicians who rose to prominence in the early years of the Athenian democracy. As a politician, Themistocles was a populist, having the support of lower class Athenians, and generally being at odds with the Athenian nobility. Elected archon in 4. Eminent Persians Pdf' title='Eminent Persians Pdf' />BC, he convinced the polis to increase the naval power of Athens, a recurring theme in his political career. During the first Persian invasion of Greece he fought at the Battle of Marathon2 4. BC and was possibly one of the ten Athenian strategoi generals in that battle. In the years after Marathon, and in the run up to the second Persian invasion of 4. BC, Themistocles became the most prominent politician in Athens. JHNVQRDHL.jpg' alt='Eminent Persians Pdf' title='Eminent Persians Pdf' />He continued to advocate a strong Athenian Navy, and in 4. BC he persuaded the Athenians to build a fleet of 2. Who is the Virgin Mary by Acharya SD. M. Murdock. The following article is excerpted from Suns of God Krishna, Buddha and Christ Unveiled. Moon Mary Queen of Heaven. The GrecoPersian Wars also often called the Persian Wars were a series of conflicts between the Achaemenid Empire of Persia and Greek citystates that started in. Persia. During the second invasion, he effectively exercised command of the Greek allied navy at the battles of Artemisium and Salamis in 4. BC. Due to subterfuge on the part of Themistocles, the Allies lured the Persian fleet into the Straits of Salamis, and the decisive Greek victory there was the turning point in the invasion, which ended the following year with the defeat of the Persians at the land Battle of Plataea. After the conflict ended, Themistocles continued his pre eminence among Athenian politicians. However, he aroused the hostility of Sparta by ordering the re fortification of Athens, and his perceived arrogance began to alienate him from the Athenians. In 4. 72 or 4. 71 BC, he was ostracised, and went into exile in Argos. The Spartans now saw an opportunity to destroy Themistocles, and implicated him in the alleged treasonous plot of 4. BC of their own general Pausanias. Themistocles thus fled from Greece. Alexander I of Macedon reigned 4. BC temporarily gave him sanctuary at Pydna before he traveled to Asia Minor, where he entered the service of the Persian king Artaxerxes I reigned 4. BC. He was made governor of Magnesia, and lived there for the rest of his life. Themistocles died in 4. BC, probably of natural causes. Themistocless reputation was posthumously rehabilitated, and he was re established as a hero of the Athenian and indeed Greek cause. Themistocles can still reasonably be thought of as the man most instrumental in achieving the salvation of Greece from the Persian threat, as Plutarch describes him. His naval policies would have a lasting impact on Athens as well, since maritime power became the cornerstone of the Athenian Empire and golden age. Thucydides assessed Themistocles as a man who exhibited the most indubitable signs of genius indeed, in this particular he has a claim on our admiration quite extraordinary and unparalleled. Themistocles was born in Athens around 5. BC,3 the son of Neocles, who was, in the words of Plutarch no very conspicuous man. His mother is more obscure according to Plutarch, she was either a Thracian woman called Abrotonon, or Euterpe, a Carian from Halicarnassus. Like many contemporaries, little is known of his early years. Some authors report that he was unruly as a child and was consequently disowned by his father. Plutarch considers this to be false. Plutarch indicates that, on account of his mothers background, Themistocles was considered something of an outsider furthermore the family appear to have lived in an immigrant district of Athens, Cynosarges, outside the city walls. However, in an early example of his cunning, Themistocles persuaded well born children to exercise with him in Cynosarges, thus breaking down the distinction between alien and legitimate. Plutarch further reports that Themistocles was preoccupied, even as a child, with preparing for public life. His teacher is said to have told him 7My boy, you will be nothing insignificant, but definitely something great, either for good or evil. Themistocles left three sons by Archippe, daughter to Lysander of Alopece,8Archeptolis, Polyeuctus, and Cleophantus. Plato the philosopher mentions Cleophantus as a most excellent horseman, but otherwise insignificant person. And Themistocles had two sons older than these three, Neocles and Diocles. Neocles died when he was young by the bite of a horse, and Diocles was adopted by his grandfather, Lysander. Themistocles had many daughters, of whom Mnesiptolema, whom he had by a second marriage, was wife to Archeptolis, her brother by another mother, and became priestess of Cybele Italia was married to Panthoides, of the island of Chios Sybaris to Nicomedes the Athenian. After the death of Themistocles, his nephew, Phrasicles, went to Magnesia, and married, with her brothers consent, another daughter, Nicomache, and took charge of her sister Asia, the youngest of all ten children. Political and military careereditBackgroundeditThemistocles grew up in a period of upheaval in Athens. The tyrant Peisistratos had died in 5. BC, passing power to his sons, Hipparchus and Hippias. Hipparchus was murdered in 5. BC, and in response to this, Hippias became paranoid and started to rely increasingly on foreign mercenaries to keep a hold on power. The head of the powerful, but exiled according to Herodotus onlythe fragmentary Archon List for 5. Cleisthenes, an Alcmaeonid, holding office in Athens during this period Alcmaeonid family, Cleisthenes, began to scheme to overthrow Hippias and return to Athens. In 5. 10 BC, he persuaded the Spartan king Cleomenes I to launch an attack on Athens, which succeeded in overthrowing Hippias. However, in the aftermath, the other noble eupatrid families of Athens rejected Cleisthenes, electing Isagoras as archon, with the support of Cleomenes. On a personal level, Cleisthenes wanted to return to Athens however, he also probably wanted to prevent Athens becoming a Spartan client state. Outmaneuvering the other nobles, he proposed to the Athenian people a radical program in which political power would be invested in the peoplea democracy. Microsoft Sharepoint Products Preparation Tool 2013. The Athenian people thus overthrew Isagoras, repelled a Spartan attack under Cleomenes, and invited Cleisthenes to return to Athens, to put his plan into action. The establishment of the democracy was to radically change Athens And so it was that the Athenians found themselves suddenly a great power. Early years of the democracyeditThe new system of government in Athens opened up a wealth of opportunity for men like Themistocles, who previously would have had no access to power. Moreover, the new institutions of the democracy required skills that had previously been unimportant in government. Themistocles was to prove himself a master of the new system he could infight, he could network, he could spin. Themistocles moved to the Ceramicus, a down market part of Athens. This move marked him out as a man of the people, and allowed him to interact more easily with ordinary citizens. He began building up a support base among these newly empowered citizens he wooed the poor and they, not used to being courted, duly loved him back. Touring the taverns, the markets, the docks, canvassing where no politician had thought to canvas before, making sure never to forget a single voters name, Themistocles had set his eyes on a radical new constituency1.